Manufacture of primer anvils



April 3, 1928.

J. A. MURPHY MANUFACTURE OF PRIMER ANVILS FiledJuly 27, 1923 I5 SheetS-Sheei 2 ma a7 4a 47 I 71 ve Wto# lej" 7a3 125]/ April 3, 1928.

- J. A. MURPHY MANUFACTURE oF PRIMER ANvILs Filed July 27, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheei 5 l I l www ,T71 venlbzf l Ja wieliurpiiy Wwvlw y Patented Appr. I v3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENjl` OFFICE;

JAiIES A. MURPHY, or LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, 'ASSIGNOR To UNITED STATES CARTRIDGE CO., or LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION or MASSACHU- SETTS.

Application led J'uly 27,

In the manufacture of primer anvils, and

molle especially anvils having the shape and properties, such as described in my copending application, Si'. No. 654,170, filed on even date herewith, it is/desirable that the operations involved shall be effected automatically, and it is accordingly an object of my invention to provide a machine for this purpose.

It is a feature of my invention that with my machine each individual anvil is made by4 a two stage operation-.upon a thin strip or sheet of malleable metal.

A preferred embodiment of my invention is described below, reference bein made to the accompanying drawings, in w ich:

Fig. 1 represents a side elevation ofthe machine;

Fig. 2vrepresents a front elevation of the machine; and

Fig. 3 represents' a det-ail. cross-section on the plane indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 1..

Fig. 4 is a cross-section of a metal strip, and separate punching blocks in the plane of line 4-4, Fig. 2, showing the punches inV lowered position;

Fig. 5 is a cross-section, the same as Fig. 4, the punches being in elevated position;

Fi 6 is a detail cross-section of the ex: trudgng punch in direction of the arrows 6-6 in Fig. 4; l f

Fig. 7 is a cross-section 'of the extruding vpunch in the direction of arrows 7-7 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8' is a cross-section ofthe eXtrudiiig punch in the direction of the arrows 8.,-,8 of Fig. 5; and i Fig. 9 is a plan View of a portion of the nietal strip shown in Fig. 5.

The yoke 1 is mounted upon the base 2 and supports the sha t 3` in the bearings 4. Said bearingsare sup orted by the uprights 6 also' mounted on the base 2. On the outer end of shaft 3 is the driving pulley 7 while between the bearings 4 is the eccentric bearing. 8 nto which one end of `iston 9 is pivoted, the other end being pivoted to the vertically slidable head 11' mounted in the guides 12 on the uprights 6. Said head 11 is provided on its under face with adovetail groove 10 in which may be mounted the embossing punch 13 and punch Y MANUFACTURE OF PRIMER ANVILS.-

192s.l semi No. 654,17i.

the other end of which is 27. Said arm 27 carries a pawl 25 and is pivoted tothe end of a shaft 28, carrying a ratchet wheel 35 and bearing 29 fastened by nut 30 on base 2.

Said shaft 28, on the opposite side of upright 29, is provided with a corrugated roller 31- between bearings 32mounted on 'either side of said roller, and witha gear 33. Said gear `33 meshes with a similar ear 34 on the shaft 36 of a similar roller 3 adjacent to said rroller 31, and mounted on bearings 38. n

The bearings 32 and 38 and their respective rollers 31 land 37 are resiliently urged toward each other by. virtue of the arrangement to be described. Vertical plates 41 are fixed to the base '2 by means of screws 42 in the upright and joined together at the'top by a horizontal plate-43. Passing through plate 43 are set screws 44 which press downward 'upon the bearings 32 while compression springs46 set into recesses 47 in the under side of bearings 38, and operated by cams 48 Aand hand lever 49, tend to force bearing 38 upward. Thus the rollers 31-and -37 are yieldingly urged toward'each other by a force depending upon the springs 46 and the positioning of the cams 48 thereagainst.

Said rollers are mounted forward of the block 51 which rests on base 2 clamped theretoby the'boss 52, and bolts 53. Said block is provided with a horizontal slot 56 in the plane of contact of rollers 31 and 37, and adapted to receive a strip of metal 55 and to pass it between said rollers and to guide it beneath punch 13 and punch 14 in the head 11. In the bottom surface of said slot 56 is the depression 57 adapted to cooperate with the punch.13 in shaping said strip, and

an aperture 58 adapted to register with and receive the punch 14 and topermit the piece of metal cut outl by it to drop therethrough.

This part of the construction is more clearly illustrated by Figs. 4and 5 in which the die block is represented in twounits A and B, the metal strip 55 being adapted to move.

intermittently in the direction of the arrow. Thus, a given portion of the strip will first come to rest over block A which has a fiat top l70with an inverted cone shaped depression 5 7- (the apex of which is enlarged into a cylindrical de ression 71) in registry with embossing punc 1 13, and coacting therewith to shape said metallic strip as shown by Fig. 4. It is to be noted that said punch 13 has a flat surface 72, parallel with the iiat top of block A, a cylindrical surface 73, a flat surface 74, and an ovoido-conical point opposite to the cylindrical depression 71 in depression 57, and shaping the corresponding surfaces 7 2a, 73a, 74, 75a, 71, and 57a respectively, on the metal strip 55. Adjacent block A, and at a given distance there- Yfrom in the direction of the arrow is block B (block A and block B` being represented by a single block 51 in Fig. 1) with a vertical aperture 58 therethrough, having the same cross section as the anvils to be made, and in registry with the extruding punch 14. The face of said punch 14 has surfaces identical in contour with those of punch' 13 and which are numbered the same, but of a cross section as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, to correspond with the'plan view of the anvils to be lcut out. Likewise the entrance 60 to aperture 58 is of such a size and so shaped that said punch 14 will just fit it, producing a shearing action therewith to cut the strip 55 between them.

The block 51 may, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or may not as in Figs. 4 and 5, be covered by a cap plate 61, affixed to the die block by machine screws 62 and provided with openings 63 and 64v for the passage therethrough of the punch 13 and punch 14` respectively.

In operatic/inthe strip-'ofmetal -55 is drawn from roller 66 passed under the guide roller 67, through slot 56 in the die block and thence between rollers 31 and 37 by which it is gripped under tension of the springs 46, and intermittently drawn forward^a definite distance byeach operation of the pawl 25 on the ratchet wheel 35.

After thus feeding in the end of the metal strip, power is applied,'as by a belt to the pulley 7, and, upon consequent rotation of the shaft 3, the head 11 is lowered, forcing embossing punch 13 against the portion of the metal strip 55 immediately beneath it (imparting its contour to the upper surface and the contour of the depression 57 to its lower surface) and thenv lifting it clear of the strip entirely. Concurrently, thepunch 14 is forced against a portion of/the-strip previously -sha-ped by the punch 13 and by its shearing action against the edges of the aperturer 60. cuts vertically 'through the strip, removing a corresponding section of the embossed portion therefrom.

It will be apparent thatthe metal strip when so acted upon by punch 14 will not only be bent but molded into the desired shape and contour between the surfaces 72, 57 and 71 providing it with the corresponding surfaces 7 2, 73a, 74 and 7 5 on the upper side and 57L and 71il on the lower side. Not only so, but'these surfaces will meet in sharply defined edges, which is exceedingly important,.-especially between 72a and 73a and between 71a and 57a for example. Moreover, as a result of the difference in conical angle between the ovodo-conical point 75 and the conical depression 57, the thickness of the strip will be modified and decreased toward the top providing the space enclosed by surface 7 5.

By suitable adjustment of the offset bolt 20, it will, upon rotation of the shaft 3, oper- 4ate the levers 22, 26 and 27, and pawl 25,

and thereby push the ratchet wheel 35 forward, driving the corrugated roller 31 a given amount and this, in turn, draws the strip 55- forward the same distance. This distance is such that the portion of the strip 55 embossed-by the die 13 will be brought into registry with the punch 14 and aperture 58, by an integral number of operations substantially equal to the ratio of the distance between the two to the length of the embossed portion of the strip.

v Moreover; this advancement of the metal strip is performed alternately with the strokes of the punch 13 and punch 14, and after it has become disengaged from them. This .is 'determined by the relative angular position of the oi'set bolt 20 and of the eccentric caring 8 upon shaft 3.

Thus after die 13 has embossed one portion of the strip, it is raised, ,the strip advanced and the portion embossed by 13 subsequently registers with the punch 14 and upon the descent of the die-head 11 punch 14 completes the operation by cutting out the embossed portion. As above pointed out, this registry may take place upon the next or after any integral number of prol`,nessions of ,the metal strip, depending upon the distance between die 13 and punch 14 and the amount by which it is advanced.

ln this operation, the shape 'of the punch 14' is preferably such that it will exactly coincide with the surfaces 72a, 73a, 74a, 7 5 which have been formed upon the corre sponding'portion of the strip v55. This not only serves to bring the strip more accurately concentric with the punch, but assures a perpendicular cutting action by the punch as it forcesthis portion of the metal into the entrancev to the aperture 58.

The cut out portion of the strip falls through the aperture 58 and the remainder of the strip continues between rollers 31 and 37 lwhich continue to draw it through the die as already described. In view of the fact that primer anvils are of relatively lltl tension employed in drawing it through the guide slot and the tapered depression in its under surface of itself tends to raise lit, from .its position in the die after the molding operation.

As a safety device to furtherl insure the anvil having the desirable properties set registry of the embossed portion of the strip -with punch 14, there may be provided the lever arm 68 pivoted at 69 to the yoke 1 and at 81 to the'vertical rod 82 and drawn upwardly by spring83 suspended by hook 84 from yoke '1. ySaid lever arm is operated by contact with the cam 87 mounted upon shaft 3, forcing it downwardly against the tension ofv spring 83. At its lower end rod 82 is pivoted at 89 to arm 88, said arm 88 is also pivoted to plate 41 at its oppositerv end 91 and carries a knife edge 92 to bear against plate `41 and when in position to close the aperture 40 cutting ofl'the protruding end of the strip '55.

By this device it will be apparent that lowered y with proper adjustment of the cam 87, the

tongue 92 will belowered over the opening at that period inthe rotationof sha-ft 3 when the punch 13 and punch 14 are in registry with the proper portions of the strip and are in the act of impressing andpunching it.l It will also prevent any forward movement of the strip which may be induced by the shaping operation or by excessive action-of the rollersl 31 and 37 vin strip will be exact and drawing the strip through the die. This device is, however, supplemental tomy invention and not indispensable to-it, for with the rollers properly adjustechthe advance of the while at rest, they willhold it firmly. `In this latter case, the metal strip is of course notcut off and is in the form of' a continuous ribbon as it leaves the machine through the slot 56.

With each downward stroke of' the head, a previously shaped anvil (or plurality ot' anvils) .is removed from "the strip ofmetal by a positively acting mechanism, and another anvil is shaped.- fected by the same stroke,- and simultaneously, but any given portionrof the metal strip is shaped first and then cut from the strip. Preferably the shaping and cutting operations are conducted in this order and may beeffected With an extreme degree of rapidity but vconcurrent action upon the lsame portion of the strip at the same time 1s to be a.voided.` If the metal were bent in the adapted -comprising means for advancing a sheet of therein,

Both results'a-re efyfact reinforced during the cutting actionV which leaves the cut edges accurate both as to Size and shape.

The advantages of my device rest not only simplicity of design and easy operation of the mechanism involved, but also in its adequate functioning to produceaprimer otherA comparable products which are re# quired to meet these or similar conditions of sha-pe or use. It is to be noted that such othermodifications or adaptationsof my invention are comprehended by the above specification and Included in the following claims. v

I claim: .1. A machine for making primer anvils metal therethrough, means for shaping a portion of said sheet into a hollow cone, the

outer and inner surfaces of whichy having different conical angles, and means for cutting the sheet. 4

2. A machine for making primer anvils comprising means for advancinga'sheet of malleable metal therethrough, means for shaping a portion of one side said sheet to an ovoido-,conical contour and the corresponding portionV ofthe opposite side of said sheet to the conical contour ofthe primer/ anvil, 'and means for subsequently cutting the shaped. portion from the sheet. 3. A machine for making primer anvils comprising a punch having a. conical point and a` die block having a conical depression, in registry with and of 'a less acute conical angle than that of the conical point of said punch, and means for advancing a sheet of malleable metal intermittently past the punch and die block, said last named means operating when the punch is in raised position.

4. A punch for stamping out primer anvils having end surfaces adjacentiits cntting edge which are approximately perpen` dicular to its axis, and a ltap.s eredproject-ion inside said surfaces, the periphery of the base of said projection being more nearly parallel with the axis ofthe punch than the periphery of the tip of the projection.

5. A machine for making primer anvils comprising means for feeding a. sheet of metal lengthwise along a predetermined` path, punch and die members on opposite sidesof said path for shaping succeeding portions of said sheet into hollow tapered con-tour, one of said members moving back and forth transversely of the plane of said sheet, and other punch and die members disportion so shaped from the metal posed farther along said path for cutting the anvils from the sheet, the latter punch member having end surfaces extending transversely ofthe axis of the punch immediately inside its cutting periphery and a tapered protuheranc'e inside said surfaces.

6. A machine for making primer anvils comprising means for feeding a sheet of metal lengthwise along `a predetermined path, punch and die members on opposite sides of said path for shaping1 succeeding portions of said sheet into ollow cone shaped contour, one of said members moving back and forth transversely of the plane ot' said sheet, and other punchand die members disposed farther along said path for cutting the partially formed anvils from the sheet, the latter punch member having a Aconical central portion and outerend surfaces approximately perpendicular to the axis of the punch, said surfaces terminating at the peripheral cutting edge of the punch. 7. A machine for making primer anvils comprising a. cone-shaped punch, a die block having a conical depression in registry therewith, said punch and die block being adapted to shape between them a metal sheet, and means for, cutting the portion so shaped from said sheet.

SIA machine for making primer anvils com rising a conical unch a die block in registry therewith having a conical depression, adapted to press and shape between them 'a sheet of metal `and .an extruding punch adapted to cut 'a section of the metal so shaped from said sheet perpendicularly thereto.

9. A machine for making primer anvils comprising a conical punch and a die block having in registry therewith a conical d'epression, adapted to press and shape between them a portion of a sheet oi metal and an extruding punch having a point of the same contour as said conical punch and adapted to cut a section oi said shaped portion from the sheet perpendicularly thereto.

10. A machine for making prlmer anvils comprisinga punch with an Ovoide-conical' point and-an annular shoulder at its base, a

die block having in registry with said punch a conical depression with a. cylindrical surface at its base and apex, sald punch and die block being adapted to press and shape between. them a sheet of metal, and an extruding punch having an ovoido-conical point and an annular shoulder at its base, and adapted to 'register with a corresponding aperture in the diey block and with a shaped portion of said metal sheet and. to cut from the latter a' right-cylindrical section with longitudinal grooves therein.

11. A machine for making primer anvils from sheet metal comprising means to shape a portion of said metal to the desired coneshaped contour and al punch having a point .drical punch.

of such size and shape as to exactly tit said cone-shaped portion of the sheet and tocut a section therefrom perpendicularly to said sheet.

12. A machine for making primer anvils comprising a die block, a pair of rollers engaging between them a strip oit malleable metal and adapted to intermittently advance said strip a given distance through a slot` in the die block and an edge, movable over the exit end of said slot, operated alternately with the advancing period ci said rollersv to provide a definite period during which said strip shall be held stationary.

13. A machine for making primer anvilsA comprising a die block, a feeding device for intermittently advancing a malleable metal strip longitudinally for a. given distance through a slot in the die block, a knife edge A movable over the exit end of said slot alternately with the period of advance ot1 the metal strip, to'cut oil and arrest its progress, and an embossing and punching die adapted to operate upon `different portions of said strip while it is stationary.

14. The process of making primer anvils for explosive shells comprising shaping two sides ot a thin sheet of metal to dierent conical contours and cutting from said sheet a substantially cylindrical section containing said shaped portion.

15. The process of manufacturing anvils for cartridge primers comprising the steps of indenting a sheet of malleable metal to a desired truncated-conical contour and cutting from said sheet the section containing the portion so shaped.

16. The process of making primer anvils for explosive shells, comprising pressing one side of a thin malleable metal sheet into a truncated-conical Vdepression and the other side over a cone, and cutting the portion so shaped from the sheet by a concentric cylin- 17. A process for the manufacture of a primer anvil for explosive shells comprising the steps of pressing a sheet of malleable metal into the shape of a hollow cone, with a boss at its exterior apex, a. cylindrical surface adjar ent the base of said cone, a flat surface subs antially at right angles to the axis of said cylindrical surface, and cutting the portion so shaped from the metal sheet.

18. The process of making primer anvils for explosive shells comprising simultaneform a cone-shaped point provided with an annular shoulder at its base, and forcing the l ously indenting one side of a metal sheet to cylindrical section including the portion so shaped.

19. A process for the manufacture of a primer anvil for explosive shells, comprissaid form cylindrical enlargements, and sccing the steps of first indenting one side of ondly cutting from said metal sheet the pora sheet of malleable metal toform a. cone tion so shaped and diametrically opposite 10 shaped point provided with an annular notches from the margin thereof.

5 shoulder, simultaneously compressing the op- Signed by meat Lowell, Massachusetts,

posite side of said sheet into a concentric this 20th day of June. 1928. conical form having at the apex and base of JAMES A. l MURPHY. 

